Volume 09,Issue 02

Extraction of Nutraceutical Bioactive Compounds from Native Algae Using Solvents with a Deep Natural Eutectic Point and Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction

Authors

Seyedeh Bahar Hashemi, Alireza Rahimi, Mehdi Arjmand

Abstract
Food is the source of energy and growth through the breakdown of its vital components and plays a vital role in human health and nutrition. Many natural compounds found in plant and animal materials play a special role in biological systems and the origin of many such compounds can be algae. Algae are an enormous source of polysaccharides and have gained much interest in human flourishing. In this study, algae biomass extractions were conducted using natural deep eutectic-based solvents (NADES) and Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). The aim of this research is to extract bioactive compounds including total carotenoid, antioxidant activity and polyphenolic contents. For that purpose, the influence of three important extraction parameters, namely biomass-to-solvent ratio, temperature, and time was studied regarding their impact on the recovery of carotenoids and phenolics and on the extracts’ antioxidant activity. An experimental design was implemented, and the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed for the process optimization. The influence of the independent parameters on each dependent one was determined through Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that UAE for 50 min proved to be the best extraction condition, and proline:lactic acid (1:1) and choline chloride:urea (1:2) extracts showed the highest total phenolic contents (50.00 ± 0.70 mgGAE/gdw) and antioxidant activity [60.00 ± 1.70 mgTE/gdw and 70.00 ± 0.90 mgTE/gdw in 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2.2?-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods, respectively]. The results confirmed that the combination of UAE and NADES provide an excellent alternative to conventional solvents namely methanol (MeOH) and water for sustainable and green extraction, and have huge potential for use in industrial applications involving the extraction of bioactive compounds from algae. This study is the first attempt to optimize effects of ultrasonic-assisted extraction, ultrasonic devices, deep natural eutectic point and their application in extraction of total carotenoids, antioxidant activity, and polyphenolic contents from algae. The future perspective of ultrasound technology is also discussed, which will help to better understand the complex mechanism of ultrasonic-assisted extraction and further guide its application in algae.

Keyword: Natural deep eutectic solvents, Ultrasound-assisted extraction, Algae, Phenolic compounds, Antioxidant activity.

PDF [ 385.02 Kb ] | Endnote File | XML